Au chapitre chips...

Elektronica:

Gary Boone was awarded U.S. Patent No. 3,757,306 for the single-chip microprocessor architecture on September 4, 1973.

http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federico_Faggin
http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcian_Hoff

http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Inventor_Award