About a new world: Digital Diplomacy in the New York Times by Jesse Lichenstein on the 16th of july 2010. For those who are interested by the topic. A very long article. The Foreign minister of the Netherlands talks about it on his page. We read and we share. I hope every citizens around the world are conscious of this revolution, not only a few. And who will be in charge of this big move? All of us maybe. This means to live in a democratic world. Wars have been made to spread this word.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_democracy
Direct democracy (also known as pure democracy)[1] is a form of democracy in which people vote on policy initiatives directly, as opposed to a representative democracy in which people vote for representatives who then vote on policy initiatives.[2] Depending on the particular system in use, it might entail passing executive decisions, the use of sortition, making laws, directly electing or dismissing officials and conducting trials. Two leading forms of direct democracy are participatory democracy and deliberative democracy.
Most countries that are representative democracies allow for three forms of political action that provide limited direct democracy: referendum (plebiscite), initiative, and recall. Referendums can include the ability to hold a binding vote on whether a given law should be rejected. This effectively grants the populace which holds suffrage a veto on a law adopted by the elected legislature (one nation to use this system is Switzerland). Initiatives, usually put forward by members of the general public, compel the consideration of laws (usually in a subsequent referendum) without the consent of the elected representatives, or even against their expressed opposition. Recalls give public the power to remove elected officials from office before the end of their term, although this is very rare in modern democracies.[3] Writers with anarchist sympathies have argued that direct democracy is opposed to a strong central authority, as decision making power can only reside at one level – with the people themselves or with the central authority.[4] Some of the most important modern thinkers who were inspired by the concept of direct democracy are Cornelius Castoriadis, Hannah Arendt, and Pierre Clastres.[citation needed]
Notes 1 à 4:
1.^ A. Democracy in World Book Encyclopedia, World Book Inc., 2006. B. Pure democracy entry in Merriam-Webster Dictionary. C. Pure democracy entry in American Heritage Dictionary"
2.^ Budge, Ian (2001). "Direct democracy". In Clarke, Paul A.B. & Foweraker, Joe. Encyclopedia of Political Thought. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-415-19396-2.
3.^ a b c Fiskin 2011, Chapters 2 & 3.
4.^ a b c Ross 2011, Chapter 3
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-democracy
E-democracy (a combination of the words electronic and democracy) is "the use of information and communications technologies and strategies by 'democratic sectors' within the political processes of local communities, states/regions, nations and on the global stage."[1] Democratic actors and sectors in this context include, in order of importance, citizens/voters, political organizations, the media, elected officials, and governments.[2] E-democracy, like democracy in its ideal form, is a direct democracy. In practical form it has been an instantiation of more limited forms of democracy.
In this more limited sense, e-democracy often refers to technological adjuncts to a republic, i.e., the use of information technologies and communication technologies and strategies in political and governance processes. In some egregious cases, the word is used to refer to anything political that involves the Internet. Ann Macintosh, in 2004, used the term to mean a technological adjunct to a republic, stating: "E-democracy is concerned with the use of information and communication technologies to engage citizens, support the democratic decision- making processes and strengthen representative democracy."[3] Democratic actors and sectors in this context include governments, elected officials, the media, political organizations, and citizens/voters.[2] For those who see "e-democracy" as an adjunct to a republic, it is said to aim for broader and more active citizen participation enabled by the Internet, mobile communications, and other technologies in today's representative democracy, as well as through more participatory or direct forms of citizen involvement in addressing public challenges.[4]
Notes 1 à 4:
1.^ Clift,Steven. "E-Democracy, E-Governance and Public Net-Work" www.publicus.net September 2003. http://www.publicus.net/articles/edempublicnetwork.html.
2.^ a b Clift, S. (2004). E-Democracy Resource Links from Steven Clift - E-Government, E-Politics, E-Voting Links and more. Retrieved July 10, 2009, from Publicus.Ne-t Public Strategies for the Online World: Publicus.net
3.^ Macintoch, Ann (2006)
4.^ a b c Ibid.
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